(a) The unilateral and concerted anti-competitive conduct referred to in Article 6(2) are to be defined by each Contracting Party in accordance with its laws and may include exploitative abuses.

(b) “Enforcement” and “enforces” include action under the competition laws of a Contracting Party by way of investigation, legal proceeding, or administrative 47 Energy Charter Treaty action as well as by way of any decision or further law granting or continuing an authorisation.